With the help of FLUENT software, the flow characteristics of fine particles in the upper air supply room with different air supply parameters were studied. The particle trajectory model was established to calculate the concentration distribution characteristics of fine particles in the upper air supply room, and the optimal air supply parameters in the working area of the personnel were researched to reduce the impact of the particles on the human health. By calculating the distribution of air flow field and particle concentration under four different air supply parameters, the optimal operating conditions were obtained by comparative analysis, that is, the air supply temperature was 20°C and the air supply speed was 3m/s, which provided a theoretical basis for the setting of the air supply parameters of the upper air supply room in the future.