Troponin I has been successfully used in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in adults. According to recent studies the field of cardiac troponins was widely developed. Troponin I elevated in patients with heart failure, tachyarrhythmias, myocarditis, pulmonary hypertension, intoxications of cardiotoxic drugs, sepsis and other similar conditions. Most literature reviews represent information of using cardiac troponins only among adults. Pediatric publications contain much less information. There are no reference values and practical recommendations for troponin I in children. The aim of this article is to cover all available data of use and interpretation of troponin I in children with different cardiac pathology.