The current epidemiological literature mainly presents the mechanisms of self-regulation of a single parasitic system influenced by natural and social factors. At the same time, epidemiology traditionally considers particularly the epidemic process of individual infections. In the human population however, many pathogenic microorganisms circulate and cause diseases in humans simultaneously; nevertheless the possibility of interactions between the various parasitic systems included in biogeocenosis and the influence of the considered interrelation on the development of the epidemic process and its manifestations is not taken into account generally. The presented study basing on the analysis of literary publications discusses possible mechanisms causing processes of self-regulation of parasitic systems in the conditions of biogeocenosis and, primarily, the integrative-competitive relations that develop between them as the leading regulating force. Therefore the following position is justified: regulatory processes in one parasitic system occur when influenced by self-regulation processes in biogeocenosis as a whole in response to the influence of both external and internal factors. Ultimately, the authors associate tendencies in the incidence of individual nosological forms, transformation of the structure of infectious pathology in different time periods, and some other manifestations of the epidemic process with the self-adaptation of ecosystems. © 2018 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved.