Accelerated viral dynamics in bat cell lines, with implications for zoonotic emergence

C. Brook; M. Boots; K. Chandran; A. Dobson; C. Drosten; A. Graham; B. Grenfell; M. Müller; M. Ng; L. Wang; A. Leeuwen

Статья

Accelerated viral dynamics in bat cell lines, with implications for zoonotic emergence

C. Brook, M. Boots, K. Chandran, A. Dobson, C. Drosten, A. Graham, B. Grenfell, M. Müller, M. Ng, L. Wang, A. Leeuwen,

2021

https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.48401

Bats host virulent zoonotic viruses without experiencing disease. A mechanistic understanding of the impact of bats’ virus hosting capacities, including uniquely constitutive immune pathways, on cellular-scale viral dynamics is needed to elucidate zoonotic emergence. We carried out virus infectivity assays on bat cell lines expressing induced and constitutive immune phenotypes, then developed a theoretical model of our in vitro system, which we fit to empirical data. Best fit models recapitulated expected immune phenotypes for representative cell lines, supporting robust antiviral defenses in bat cells that correlated with higher estimates for within-host viral propagation rates. In general, heightened immune responses limit pathogen-induced cellular morbidity, which can facilitate the establishment of rapidly-propagating persistent infections within-host. Rapidly-replicating viruses that have evolved with bat immune systems will likely cause enhanced virulence following emergence into secondary hosts with immune systems that diverge from those unique to bats. © 2020, eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. All rights reserved.

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1. Version of Record от 2021-04-27

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Об авторах

C. Brook
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
M. Boots
Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, United States
K. Chandran
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
A. Dobson
Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
C. Drosten
Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, BethesdaMD, United States
A. Graham
Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation
B. Grenfell
Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore
M. Müller
Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, Utrecht University, Netherlands
M. Ng
L. Wang
A. Leeuwen

Название журнала

eLife

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Ключевые слова

interferon; tumor necrosis factor; adult; animal cell; Article; cell culture; controlled study; Ebolavirus; in vitro study; in vivo study; Marburgvirus; morbidity; nonhuman; phenotype; protein expression; Pteropus; Pteropus alecto; Rousettus aegyptiacus; signal transduction; theoretical model; Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus; virus cell interaction; virus strain; virus transmission; virus virulence; animal; bat; biological model; cell line; cellular immunity; disease carrier; growth, development and aging; human; immunology; kinetics; pathogenicity; risk assessment; veterinary medicine; virology; virulence; virus; virus infection; zoonosis; Animals; Cell Line; Chiroptera; Disease Reservoirs; Host Microbial Interactions; Humans; Immunity, Cellular; Kinetics; Models, Biological; Phenotype; Risk Assessment; Virulence; Virus Diseases; Viruses; Zoonoses

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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd

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journal article

Тип лицензии Creative Commons

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Свободная лицензия

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scopus

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Статья

Accelerated viral dynamics in bat cell lines, with implications for zoonotic emergence

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