Relevance. Pandemic of the new coronavirus infection has become a challenging issue for world healthcare system. Control of the epidemic process is one of the main priorities in combat against new coronavirus disease Aim. The research highlights the issue of asymptomatic carriers of the new coronavirus disease. Conclusions. It was revealed that patients with asymptomatic form of COVID-19 have a less lasting immunity response compared with those that have had clinically active forms of the infection. In order to determine pathogenetic process and fully understand formation of the immune response, it is necessary to study both humoral and cellular immune responses in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. In order to select most optimal anti-epidemic measures to contain the further spread of the disease, including asymptomatic carriage, it is necessary to establish SARS-CoV-2 reproduction index and determine minimal infective dose of SARS-CoV-2. © 2020, Numikom. All rights reserved.