Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases: at the crossroads of thromboinflammation and autoimmunity

Насонов Е. Л.; Бекетова Т. В.; Решетняк Т. М.; Лила А. М.; Ананьева Л. П.; Лисицина Т. А.; Соловьев С. К.

Статья

Коронавирусная болезнь 2019 (COVID-19) и иммуновоспалительные ревматические заболевания: на перекрестке проблем тромбовоспаления и аутоиммунитета

Насонов Е. Л.,

Бекетова Т. В.,

Решетняк Т. М.,

Лила А. М.,

Ананьева Л. П., Лисицина Т. А.,

Соловьев С. К.,

2020

https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2020-353-367

Воспаление и свертывание крови составляют основу защиты организма от потенциально патогенных механических и биологических воздействий внешней и внутренней среды. Неконтролируемое воспаление приводит к гиперкоагуляции, подавлению антикоагуляции и нарушению процессов, контролирующих разрешение (resolution) воспаления, а образование «прокоагулянтных» медиаторов (тромбин, тканевой фактор и др.), активация тромбоцитов и клеток эндотелия сосудов (ЭК) поддерживает развитие воспаления. Все это, вместе взятое, составляет основу гетерогенного по своей природе патологического процесса, получившего название «тромбовоспаление» (thromboinflammation), или «иммунотромбоз» (immunothrombosis). В настоящее время «тромбовоспаление» в широком смысле слова рассматривается как универсальный патогенетический механизм многих широко распространенных острых и хронических заболеваний, в том числе иммуновоспалительных (аутоиммунных) ревматических заболеваний (ИВРЗ), нередко осложняющихся тяжелым, необратимым повреждением жизненно важных внутренних органов. Интерес к проблеме тромбовоспаления особенно возрос в период пандемии коронавирусной болезни 2019 (coronavirus disease 2019; СOVID-19), связанной с вирусом SARS-Cov-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2). В настоящее время тяжелый COVID-19 рассматривается как системный «тромбовоспалительный» синдром, получивший предварительное название COVID-19-ассоциированная коагулопатия, проявляющаяся развитием микро- и макроcосудистых тромбозов венозного и артериального русла. Обсуждаются общие патогенетические механизмы коагулопатии при COVID-19 и ИВРЗ, связанные с «дисрегуляцией» синтеза «провоспалительных» цитокинов, активацией системы комплемента, гиперпродукцией антифосфолипидных антител (аФЛ), и др. Гипотетически выделяется «аутоиммунный» субтип тромбовоспаления, идентификация генетических факторов (например, гены системы комплемента и др.) которых могут быть связаны с риском развития COVID-19-коагулопатии. Знания, накопленные в ревматологии в отношении механизмов развития тромбовоспаления при ИВРЗ и их фармакотерапии, будут способствовать разработке более эффективной, персонифицированной стратегии лечения COVID-19.

Цитирование

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Об авторах

Насонов Е. Л.
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)
Бекетова Т. В.
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»
Решетняк Т. М.
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России
Лила А. М.
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России
Ананьева Л. П.
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»
Лисицина Т. А.
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»
Соловьев С. К.
ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В.А. Насоновой»

Предметная рубрика

COVID-19

Название журнала

Rheumatology Science and Practice

Страницы

353-367

Тип документа

journal article

Тип лицензии Creative Commons

CC BY

Правовой статус документа

Свободная лицензия

Источник

elpub

Поиск по репозиторию

Статья

Коронавирусная болезнь 2019 (COVID-19) и иммуновоспалительные ревматические заболевания: на перекрестке проблем тромбовоспаления и аутоиммунитета

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