Material and methods. The study included 16 men aged 28 to 81 years (average age 50.3±13.4 years) with confirmed new coronavirus infection of varying severity, were hospitalized in April 2020 in Moscow COVID hospital. Patients were divided into three groups, depending on the severity of COVID-19: the 1st group was a mild course (n=7), the 2nd group was a moderate course (n=7), and the 3rd group was a severe course of the disease (n=2). All patients were cured. In addition to the steroid profile of saliva, all patients underwent a test for arbitrary breath holding (Stange test), which reflects the reserve capabilities of the lungs, as well as a general blood test. In 6 patients, vitamin D was determined by mass spectrometry. Results and discussion. There was a testosterone deficiency in all patients with COVID-19, while there was a connection between a decrease in testosterone and the severity of the disease: the maximum decrease in testosterone was observed in patients with severe disease. Conclusion. Given the known effect of testosterone on the synthesis of nitric oxide, a deficiency of which leads to the development of not only insulin resistance and oxidative stress, chronic hypoxia, but also bronchospasm and pulmonary edema, it is necessary to include the determination of the steroid profile of saliva in the diagnostic algorithms for managing patients with a new coronavirus infection COVID-19. © 2020 Nutritec. All rights reserved.