The neurological manifestations of the novel coronavirus COVID-19 infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 are extremely diverse. At the same time, there is currently very little data on the neurological complications of COVID-19. There are more and more publications on the presence of a complication, such as cognitive impairment (CI). The latter is analyzed in patients with COVID-19 during their hospital stay and later on. The paper discusses possible mechanisms, including a hyperinflammatory state (cytokine storm), coagulopathy, and the neurotropic effect of the virus, which may play a role in the development of CI in patients with COVID-19. It considers management tactics for patients with CI in the presence of coronavirus infection and the possibility of their correction with citicoline (Noocil∗).