Allergen-specific inflammation is a particular manifestation of inflammation, a universal form of reactivity aimed at eliminating damage and restoring homeostasis. Modern data are presented that confirm the idea that the natural resolution of inflammation is an active process performed by coordinated cellular reactions. This process is induced and carried out by the action of anti-inflammatory mediators of various chemical nature and specialized lipid mediators. The mechanism for restriction and resolving inflammation includes inactivation of pro-inflammatory mediators, limitation of further recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells, apoptosis of these cells, switching of macrophages from M1 to M2 type, enhancement of efferocytosis, promoting the return of cells that have not undergone apoptosis to lymphatic and blood vessels, and initiation of tissue repair. Insufficiency or loss of anti-inflammatory and proresolving functions leads to prolongation of the inflammatory reaction, chronic inflammation, tissue remodeling and allergen-nonspecific tissue hyperreactivity. Restoration of insufficient or lost resolving function is a strategically justified task of creating new therapeutic approaches.