The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the disease it causes, COVID-19, along with damage to the respiratory system, can lead to disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as the muscular system. The article presents literature data and the authors’ observations of the course of neurological disorders in a patient with COVID-19. This study found that there is a link between the severity of COVID-19 and the intensity and frequency of neurological disorders.