The main directions and approaches to the implementation of measures for the prevention and treatment of the disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 against the backdrop of the further spread of the COVID-19 epidemic are presented. Experience shows that in infection of many thousands of people, some of them are asymptomatic and pauci-symptomatic, severe or critical cases are observed in up to 1/3 of the patients that may need intensive care. The quality, effectiveness and final result of medical care depend on the level of professional, organizational, material, technical, psychological preparation of the healthcare system, the entire community of specialists, including infectious disease specialists, resuscitators, general practitioners, etc., middle and junior medical workers.