Статья

A Novel Strategy for the Development of Vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and Other Viruses Using AI and Viral Shell Disorder

G. Goh, A. Dunker, J. Foster, V. Uversky,
2021

A model that predicts levels of coronavirus (CoV) respiratory and fecal-oral transmission potentials based on the shell disorder has been built using neural network (artificial intelligence, AI) analysis of the percentage of disorder (PID) in the nucleocapsid, N, and membrane, M, proteins of the inner and outer viral shells, respectively. Using primarily the PID of N, SARS-CoV-2 is grouped as having intermediate levels of both respiratory and fecal-oral transmission potentials. Related studies, using similar methodologies, have found strong positive correlations between virulence and inner shell disorder among numerous viruses, including Nipah, Ebola, and Dengue viruses. There is some evidence that this is also true for SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV, which have N PIDs of 48% and 50%, and case-fatality rates of 0.5-5% and 10.9%, respectively. The underlying relationship between virulence and respiratory potentials has to do with the viral loads of vital organs and body fluids, respectively. Viruses can spread by respiratory means only if the viral loads in saliva and mucus exceed certain minima. Similarly, a patient is likelier to die when the viral load overwhelms vital organs. Greater disorder in inner shell proteins has been known to play important roles in the rapid replication of viruses by enhancing the efficiency pertaining to protein-protein/DNA/RNA/lipid bindings. This paper suggests a novel strategy in attenuating viruses involving comparison of disorder patterns of inner shells (N) of related viruses to identify residues and regions that could be ideal for mutation. The M protein of SARS-CoV-2 has one of the lowest M PID values (6%) in its family, and therefore, this virus has one of the hardest outer shells, which makes it resistant to antimicrobial enzymes in body fluid. While this is likely responsible for its greater contagiousness, the risks of creating an attenuated virus with a more disordered M are discussed. © 2020 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.

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Версии

  • 1. Version of Record от 2021-04-27

Метаданные

Об авторах
  • G. Goh
    Goh's BioComputing, Singapore, 548957, Singapore
  • A. Dunker
    Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
  • J. Foster
    Department of Biological Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
  • V. Uversky
    Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, United States
Название журнала
  • Journal of Proteome Research
Том
  • 19
Выпуск
  • 11
Страницы
  • 4355-4363
Ключевые слова
  • COVID-19 vaccine; intrinsically disordered protein; viral protein; virus vaccine; artificial intelligence; Betacoronavirus; chemistry; Coronavirus infection; drug development; genetics; human; metabolism; pandemic; pathogenicity; procedures; virology; virus load; virus pneumonia; Artificial Intelligence; Betacoronavirus; Coronavirus Infections; Drug Development; Humans; Intrinsically Disordered Proteins; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; Viral Load; Viral Proteins; Viral Vaccines
Издатель
  • American Chemical Society
Тип документа
  • Review
Источник
  • scopus