The article deals with the main stages of formation and formation of a multi-layered rural economy in Russia Presents the evolution of the development of multi-structured forms of farming in rural areas, depending on the degree of influence of the state on the economy of the agricultural sector of the country. It is proved that the key tools of state regulation of this issue are agrarian reforms, privatization, creation of an entrepreneurial environment, formation of an appropriate investment policy, and development of private land ownership institutions. The significant impulse for the development of modern forms of farming in the village was the choice of state priorities in the framework of the National project "Development of agriculture" were transformed into the state Program of development of agriculture, which allowed to strengthen its position as a major Agroholding structures and small-format sector. It is proved that sanctions and tendencies of the new economic reality amid the pandemic of the syndrome has led to the need to promote small agribusiness in rural areas, which will contribute to rural employment, development of rural infrastructure, growth of real monetary incomes of the population and middle class formation in rural areas. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences, 2020.