The Article considers the argumentative issues of the diagnosis of the virus-induced bronchial asthma and recurrent obstructive bronchitis in the children of infant and preschool age, the commonality of their pathogenesis, the feasibility and efficiency of their therapy using the monteleukast - the antileukotriene receptor inhibitor. Along with the anti-inflammatory properties of the monteleukast, the potential antiviral activity discovered in it was considered, in particular, against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19. © 2020 National Academy of Pediatric Science and Innovation. All rights reserved.